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Blood pressure is the force exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps it through the body. It’s measured in two numbers:
1. Systolic Pressure: The higher number, which measures the pressure when the heart beats and pushes blood into the arteries.
2. Diastolic Pressure: The lower number, which measures the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.
For example, a reading of 120/80 mmHg means a systolic pressure of 120 mmHg and a diastolic pressure of 80 mmHg.
Normal blood pressure is vital for proper blood flow to organs and tissues, providing them with oxygen and nutrients. High or low blood pressure can lead to health issues; consistently high blood pressure (hypertension) can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke, while low blood pressure (hypotension) can cause dizziness and fainting.