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Hydrogen gas is commercially prepared through various methods, some of which are:
1. Steam methane reforming: This is the most common method of hydrogen production. In this method, natural gas, which is mostly methane, is reacted with steam at high temperatures in the presence of a catalyst to produce hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide. The carbon monoxide can be further reacted to produce additional hydrogen.
2. Electrolysis: This method involves the use of electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. It requires a significant amount of energy and is generally more expensive than other methods.
3. Coal gasification: This method involves reacting coal with steam and air or oxygen at high temperatures to produce a gas that contains hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and other gases.
4. Biomass gasification: This method is similar to coal gasification, but uses biomass as the feedstock instead of coal.
5. Partial oxidation: This method involves reacting a hydrocarbon fuel with oxygen at high temperatures to produce hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide.