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Oxygen is a chemical element with the symbol “O” and atomic number 8. It is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table and is a highly reactive nonmetallic element. Oxygen is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that makes up approximately 21% of the Earth’s atmosphere by volume. It is the third most abundant element in the universe after hydrogen and helium, and is essential for most forms of life on Earth, as it is a key component of water and many organic molecules.
In its pure form, oxygen is a diatomic gas that is highly reactive and can form compounds with almost all other elements. It is used in a wide range of applications, including in medicine for respiratory therapy, in welding and cutting processes, and in the production of steel, plastics, and many other materials.