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A neuron is a specialized type of cell that is responsible for transmitting electrical and chemical signals in the nervous system. The neuron has three main parts:
Cell Body: The cell body, also known as the soma, is the main part of the neuron that contains the nucleus and other organelles. It is responsible for maintaining the metabolic and biochemical processes necessary for the neuron's survival.
Dendrites: Dendrites are branching extensions of the neuron that receive incoming signals from other neurons or sensory receptors. They are specialized to receive and process information from other neurons or the environment.
Axon: The axon is a long, slender projection that extends from the cell body and transmits outgoing signals to other neurons, muscles, or glands. The axon is specialized for rapid conduction of electrical impulses, or action potentials, over long distances.
In addition to these three main parts, neurons may also have specialized structures called synapses that allow them to communicate with other neurons or target cells. Synapses are the sites where the axon of one neuron meets the dendrites, cell body, or axon of another neuron. At the synapse, chemical signals called neurotransmitters are released from the axon of one neuron, which then bind to receptors on the dendrites or cell body of another neuron to transmit the signal
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