Ecology is the scientific study of how living organisms interact with each other and with their physical and biological environment. It involves understanding the relationships between organisms and their environment at various levels, from the individual to the ecosystem, and the patterns and processes that shape the distribution and abundance of organisms.

Ecology examines the ways in which organisms interact with each other and their environment, including the biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors that influence their behavior and survival. These interactions can include predator-prey relationships, competition for resources, symbiotic relationships, and the effects of environmental factors such as temperature, rainfall, and climate change.

Ecologists use a variety of methods to study these interactions, including field observations, experiments, modeling, and data analysis. They also play an important role in addressing environmental issues such as habitat destruction, species extinction, and pollution.